|
楼主 |
发表于 2006-7-24 18:50:40
|
显示全部楼层
Info listed below quoted from Canadian Mountain Encyclopedia
Plinth Peak右旁的Capricorn Mountain和附近的Mount Meager (2001.08.12)
The peak on the left with the pointy pinnacles is Mount Meager. On the right is Capricorn Mountain with rounded snow dome. The glacier on the lower left is the upper part of Affliction Glacier.
Meager Group Labelled Panorama from Athelstan
The north faces of the Meager Group
Meager Group Intro
Location: The Meager Group is located about 150 km north of Vancouver, British Columbia near the head of the Lillooet River.
The Meager Group comprises a handful of volcanic peaks that are currently dormant. Mount Meager is the youngest of four overlapping stratovolcanoes that rest on a 400 m high ridge of nonvolcanic, crystalline and metamorphic rock. At least eight vents that have produced magmas has been identified. Andesite lava flows 500,000-1,000,000 years old are the most abundant rock type in the area, with a total flow thickness of over 1 km.
The most recent volcanic activity started 2350 years ago from a vent on the northeast side of Plinth Peak. The ash plume from this explosion travelled east across British Columbia into Alberta. In the next stage of the eruption, pyroclastic flows travelled 7 km downstream from the vent. This was followed by a lava flow that repeatedly collapsed on the steep slopes, producing a unique, dense, welded breccia thick enough and extensive enough to dam the Lillooet River valley, resulting in the formation of a lake upstream along the Lillooet River.
The dam eventually failed, causing a cataclysmic flood that sent house-sized boulders down the valley for several kilometres. The destructive floodwaters continued much further. In its final stages, the eruption produced a short lava flow. On the southwest side of the group, the Devastator (Devastator Peak) is a massive leaning tower of rock which actually partially overlies the ice of the Devastator Glacier. As the glacier retreats, the rock becomes unsupported, and collapses. Massive rock avalanches result, which land on the glacier and partially melt its surface (surface temperatures in the rockfall, the result of friction from fragments colliding and rubbing on each other during the collapse, are high enough that the surface layers melt and then form an obsidian crust when cooling.) The resultant landslide blocks Meager Creek at its confluence with Devastator, forming a temporary lake. When the lake grows to a large enough size, it overtops the landslide dam and produces a huge flood wave which roars down Meager Creek and Lillooet River for 20 km or more before subsiding into a large flood. Scientists believe a wave large enough to reach Pemberton could be created by a large enough initial rockfall. Historically, such landslide-flood events occured in 1930 and the mid 1970's. The latter event buried and killed a party of 4 BC Hydro geologists exploring the geothermal potential of the area.
Other creek gullies such as Capricorn and NoGood creeks are also subject to massive landslides which temporarily block Meager Creek, but not on the scale of the Devastator slides. However, the main road into the hot springs crosses Capricorn Creek, and it is destroyed by debris flow on average of once every year or two. Two clusters of hot springs are found within the area and suggest that magmatic heat is still present. Canada's only producing pumice mine is on the northeast side of Plinth Peak. The explosive nature of past eruptions at Mount Meager suggests that this volcano poses a significant long-term threat to the community of Pemberton, British Columbia, about 50 km downstream from the volcano.
It is interesting to note that according to the GSC website, what appears to be a cirque on the north side of Plinth Peak, is actually a volcanic crater. The north face routes on Plinth climb out of this crater.
History: The native peoples of the region probably visited the Meager group to hunt goats, and perhaps visit the hot springs, but did not record their ascents if they made any. The first recorded ascents of Meager Group peaks were made by pioneering Vancouver climbers Tom Fyles (the well-known "climbing postman"), Neal Carter (mapmaker), Alec Dalgliesh (who was killed in an avalanche soon after) and Mills Winram (who had previously made the much sought after first ascent of Slesse, and who ran an insurance business in Vancouver well into the 1990's). The group approached up Lillooet River floodplain (which had been denuded of vegetation in the 1930 flood) on horseback, having been outfitted by a Mr. Perkins of Pemberton. They climbed most major summits with the exception of the spectacular pinnacle of Perkins' Pillar, and the rickety Mt. Job, which is difficult to approach from the main summits of the group.
Meager Group underwent a long period of quiescence following the 1931 visit. It was not until the early 1970's, when logging roads approached the group, that a renewal of interest took place. The hot springs were (re?)discovered (apparently Fyles, et al did not find them). At the same time BC Hydro and GSC geologists began exploring the area with particular interest in the area's geothermal potential. It was in this period that many of the smaller towers radiating from Capricorn and Pylon, such as the Marionettes, were first named and climbed. |
|